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When running on Windows with enableCmdLineArguments enabled, the CGI Servlet in Apache Tomcat 9.0.0.M1 to 9.0.17, 8.5.0 to 8.5.39 and 7.0.0 to 7.0.93 is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution due to a bug in the way the JRE passes command line arguments to Windows. The CGI Servlet is disabled by default. The CGI option enableCmdLineArguments is disable by default in Tomcat 9.0.x (and will be disabled by default in all versions in response to this vulnerability). For a detailed explanation of the JRE behaviour, see Markus Wulftange's blog (https://codewhitesec.blogspot.com/2016/02/java-and-command-line-injections-in-windows.html) and this archived MSDN blog (https://web.archive.org/web/20161228144344/https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/twistylittlepassagesallalike/2011/04/23/everyone-quotes-command-line-arguments-the-wrong-way/).

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cvss
common vulnerability scoring system v3.1. measures intrinsic severity on a 0-10 scale.
epss 0.9405
exploitation prediction scoring system. probability this vulnerability will be exploited in the wild in the next 30 days.
kev no
cisa known exploited vulnerabilities catalog. confirmed active exploitation.
CVSS 3.0 Common Vulnerability Scoring System v3.0
8.1 / 10
HIGH
exploitability
Attack Vector
Network
Attack Vector (AV:N): exploitable remotely over the network — most dangerous. no physical or adjacent access needed.
Attack Complexity
High
Attack Complexity (AC:H): exploitation requires specific conditions outside the attacker's control (race condition, non-default config, etc).
Privileges Required
None
Privileges Required (PR:N): no authentication needed. any anonymous attacker can exploit this.
User Interaction
None
User Interaction (UI:N): no victim action needed. fully exploitable without user interaction.
impact
Scope
Unchanged
Scope (S:U): impact limited to the vulnerable component.
Confidentiality
High
Confidentiality (C:H): total information disclosure. attacker gains access to all data within the component.
Integrity
High
Integrity (I:H): complete data modification possible. attacker can modify any data.
Availability
High
Availability (A:H): total denial of service. attacker can fully shut down the resource.
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
exploit detect attrib advisory media timeline
activity density
rdintel assessment
flagged malicious repos detected. do not execute.
public exploit available. prioritize patching.
detection rules available.
37 threat composite score from 15+ signals including exploitation status, epss probability, detection coverage, and community attention. 0-100 scale.

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